The objective of this study is to highlight the conception and interpretation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in very small enterprises (VSEs) in a specific cultural environment representative of most African countries. The exploratory analysis revealed four profiles of leaders: the orthodox, the heretics, the semi-heretics-C and the semi-heretics-I. On the basis of these results, it would be possible to consider, depending on the managerial situation and culture, a CSR with African standards that favors "communitarianism" in the face of situational parameters.