Climate change leads to various climatic manifestations (extreme temperatures, random precipitation, droughts, floods, tornadoes, etc.) that are damaging. The thesis focuses on its socio-economic consequences in sub-Saharan Africa. Is there a disparity across the region's major geographic areas? How does the importance of indoor climate zones to economies cushion or make countries vulnerable to the socio-economic consequences of climate change? These questions are at the heart of this thesis work, which includes three essays. They focus in particular on real GDP per capita growth and climate change in sub-Saharan Africa, the climate determinants of inflation in sub-Saharan Africa and the impact of climate change on food security in the Sahel through the case of Chad. The first essay analyzes the effects of climate change on real GDP per capita growth. It covers 47 countries over the period from 1980 to 2017. At the regional level, temperature acts positively on per capita growth through its averages (with a threshold effect) and negatively through its variability. Rainfall acts negatively by its variance. There is, however, a clear disparity when considering geographical areas. It is therefore important that policies to adapt to and combat climate change or promote growth take geographical specificities into account both in their design and implementation. The second essay focuses on the climate determinants of inflation in sub-Saharan Africa. It also provides a regional and geographical view of the relationship between climate and inflation in sub-Saharan Africa. Its purpose is to guide decisions in the manner of inflation targeting. It is clear that in sub-Saharan Africa, rainfall and temperature have a statistically significant effect on inflation, mainly through their trend trends. Rainfall positively affects inflation through the income effect it provides to agricultural households, which represent 60% of the total population. Temperature positive